Vienna is the only major European capital with a working vineyard inside its boundaries, around 600 hectares spread across the hills of the city, mostly in Döbling and Floridsdorf to the north and on the Bisamberg and the slopes below the Kahlenberg. The vines are part of the urban fabric rather than a separate countryside: tram lines end at the edge of them.

The local speciality is the Wiener Gemischter Satz, a field blend of at least three white varieties grown together, picked together and fermented together, a practice that was once common across central Europe as insurance against a bad year for any one grape. It was almost lost and was given its own appellation in 2013. The wine is drunk young in Heurigen, the growers' own taverns, which may only serve wine from their own vineyards and open for limited periods each year.